新编译的内核能启动了，但是还有好多问题
新编译的2.4.20，可以启动了。但是启动时出新一下错误1.关于usb的，usb hid ;usb keyboard; usb mouse;模块无法加载（failed，是因为我没有把usb模块编译进去造成的？）
2.Mounting local filesystem: mount: fs type devpts not supported by local kernel
mount :wrong fs type, bad option,bad superblock on none or too many mounted filesystem.
3. 有关ip_tables部分全部出错（can't locate module ip_tables）
4 无法进入X，错误信息如下
failed to load /usr/X11R6/lib/modules/extensions/libglx.so
failed to load modules "glx"(loader failed,7)
NVIDIA(0):Failed to initialize the NVIDIA kernel module
NVIDIA(0):***Aborting***
screen(s) found but none have a usable configuration
我加入新内核的同时保留了老内核2.4.20-8，对老内核没有做任何改动，包括启动项，但是老内核无法引导系统了，错误信息如下：
pivotroot:pivotroot(/sysroot,/sysroot/initrd)failed :2
umount /initrd/proc failed:2
kernel panic: No init foundtry passing init=option to kernel
诚恳的请教大虾们，高手们。 1) u need choose usb related options as module, and do make modules, make module_install. u need not choose Y here, M is enough. Since rh rc.sysinit will try to load usb module when boot, so u choose M can let rh find these modules correctly. If you choose to link them into kernel by 'Y', u usb part will work correctly while rh still report some fails. but that is only fail to load module, not fail to work.
2) u need choose [*] /dev/pts file system for Unix98 PTYs in file system
3) do u include iptable? can u post the error here? i am not quite familar with iptables. i do not do firewall research for a long time.
4) which kernel u compile? nvidia kernel module will be in /lib/modules/2.4.xx-x/video/nvidia.o. if u compile kernel and generate a new /lib/modules/2.4.xx-x dir.(because u change kernel version), u have to recompile nvidia kenrel driver for this kernel. but once u compile the nvidia kenrel, u need not do it after u recompile same version of linux kernel.
5) for u old kernel do u regenerate the initrd.img?
be sure to answer this question, u recompile with 2.4.20? vanilla? 2.4.20-8 come with u rh, or 2.4.20-9? 我新编译的是2.4.20(就这个名字，后面没有数字了)。rh自带的是2.4.20-8
第一个第二个问题好像你说中了，我就是没选。
第三个问题，我再去查查看。不过make xconfig的时候应该选中这一项了（如果有的话，因为我不记得里面有没有关于ip_table的内容了）。
第四个问题就是说要重装nvidia驱动是不是？我试试看。
第五个问题，我为新内核生成了initrd-2.4.20.img，原来那个是initrd-2.4.20-8.img，我没改，grub.conf也没改老内核那一项，只是给新内核增加了一项。其他什么都没改。
总的来说就做了三件事情，编译了新内核并且拷贝到/boot/目录下，生成新的.img，grub.conf中新添加了一项。就做了这么多。 关于ip_table的错误信息是这样的：
start service iptables(y)es/(n)o/(c)ontinue?
Flushing all current rles and user defined chains: modprobe :can't locate module ip_tables
iptables v1.2.7a:can't initialize iptables table 'filter':iptables who? (do you need to insmod ?)
perhaps iptables or your kernel needs to be upgrade
Clearing all current rles and user defined chains: modprobe :can't locate module ip_tables
iptables v1.2.7a:can't initialize iptables table 'filter':iptables who? (do you need to insmod ?)
perhaps iptables or your kernel needs to be upgrade
Applying iptables firewall rules: modprobe:can't locate module iptables
iptables-restore v1.2.7a :iptables-restore:nable to initialize 'filter'.
Try 'iptables-restore -h' or iptables-restore --help' for ore information
它的意思好像就是iptable这个模块找不到。可能真的没编译进去。
哪个文件控制系统启动时加载的模块？rc.sysinit？脚本语言还是不太懂。如果我能把这些出错的项目屏蔽掉，那就不会再出错了，反正也用不上。
还有个问题就是，启动时这些信息，［OK]啊，啊，放在哪里？我对着屏幕抄了半天半天到纸上，又再从纸上抄到这里，真够麻烦的。dmesg命令打印出来好像只有前面一部分信息，后面那部分找不到。
NVIDIA的驱动重装一次就可以了，现在就在kde下面。
谢谢cheungming，为我们所左的一切。 yes, i think u do not compile the iptables, shoudl be that net filter option. u can read Documentation/Configure.help to know more. only need search iptable.
for u old kernel boot problem, i really do not know since u change nothing. bad luck. hehe.
yes, boot script is that rc.sysinit. u can learn sh script if u like, not so difficult.
these yes /no is printed out by printf, not printk. so u can not use dmesg to find them.
u are always welcome. ntsysv 取消iptable相关的项目
dmesg | less(可以前后翻页)或者dmesg > dmesg.txt 重定向到当前目录下的dmesg.txt文件.然后你看这个文件就行了 ntsysv 取消iptable相关的项目
dmesg | less(可以前后翻页)或者dmesg > dmesg.txt 重定向到当前目录下的dmesg.txt文件.然后你看这个文件就行了
what is ntsysv? abbreviation for what? hehe.
what he asked is those ''... ok, ... fail..'' these are printed by printf not printk. so dmesg can not see. :wink::wink::wink: 呵呵,没注意看. 错了,抱歉:oops:就当是灌水吧:mrgreen:
ntsysv 是RH管理启动服务的工具. 我觉得应该可以 that's fine.
if kernel does not have this support, u can not use ntsysv acheives that. RH默认启动iptable服务.但是内核不支持所以启动报错.取消它应该就不报错了 对，可以关闭的，但是不是成功要重启才知道了，ntsysv其实就是setup里面services这一项，我在x下用redhat-config-services。其实都一样。
shell编程不难吗？我会去学学看的，谢谢cheungming的鼓励。
还有一个问题是关于alsa声卡驱动的，据说alsa0.9.2版本在2.4.20内核下没有问题，是不是这样呢，因为我还是没法安装。 还有差点忘了，就是老内核的问题。我用新内核的initrd2.4.20.img作为老内核的启动选项也不行，重新生成initrd2.4.20-8.img也不行，还是原来得错误信息
pivotroot:pivotroot(/sysroot,/sysroot/initrd)failed :2
umount /initrd/proc failed:2
kernel panic: No init found try passing init=option to kernel
错误是在检测完ide设备以后发生的，还没有启动任何服务。能解决吗？ 关闭服务不一定要重起。"/etc/init.d/iptables stop"(类似其他的服务名也可以，你可以用"table"键进行命令补全)(每种服务有不同的参数，你可以执行"/etc/init.d/iptables"，它会显示相关参数，例如start stop restart 等)也可以 "service iptables stop"
试试alsa-0.93a。我自己用官方的2.4.20+alsa-0.93a没问题。
不用initrdxxxxx.img也可以启动的。mkinitrd的时候要用你的新内核的版本号。例如"mkinitrd initrd2.4.20-new.img 2.4.20-new" 2.4.20-new是你的新内核的对应模块所在目录。在/lib/modules/目录下 cnhnln is right. u can use that command to shutdown service directly instead of rebooting. this is much better than windoze. most of the service can be operated liek this. go /etc/init.d to see how many services u have.
u vanilla 2.4.20 kernel should have no problem with alsa 0.92. i am using it. 0.93 should be ok as well, cnhnln tested it , right?
for each kernel, its initrd is different, u can not use one for others. try to add an entry that is the same as u old one except without that initrd option in u grub.conf to see if it can boot. i check the doc and think that u old kernel fails when userland code calls pivot_root system call.
so a question for u, do u change that initrd.xx.img file. for example, u generate a new one and overwrite the old one? if not, then it is very strange.