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发表于 2004-9-21 20:33:25
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对了还忘了说一样好东西了！！就是在你不知道一个命令有什么用途，或者是怎么用的时候，最好的办法就是问问linux！！你别小看他！！他可是一位知无不言，言无不尽得好老师！！
怎么问？？？ 
呵呵很简单！！命令加上--help就可以了！！比如：不知道tar这个解压命令怎么用，只要打开终端输入：tar --help 让后回车，电脑自然会告诉你的！！
下面是我的tar --help完了之后的内用
[sutie@localhost sutie]$ tar --help
GNU `tar' saves many files together into a single tape or disk archi
ve, and
can restore individual files from the archive.
Usage: tar [OPTION]... [FILE]...
Examples:
tar -cf archive.tar foo bar # Create archive.tar from files foo a
nd bar.
tar -tvf archive.tar # List all files in archive.tar verbo
sely.
tar -xf archive.tar # Extract all files from archive.tar.
If a long option shows an argument as mandatory, then it is mandator
y
for the equivalent short option also. Similarly for optional argume
nts.
Main operation mode:
-t, --list list the contents of an archive
-x, --extract, --get extract files from an archive
-c, --create create a new archive
-d, --diff, --compare find differences between archive and file
system
-r, --append append files to the end of an archive
-u, --update only append files newer than copy in archi
ve
-A, --catenate append tar files to an archive
--concatenate same as -A
--delete delete from the archive (not on mag tapes!
)
Operation modifiers:
-W, --verify attempt to verify the archive after wri
ting it
--remove-files remove files after adding them to the a
rchive
-k, --keep-old-files don't replace existing files when extra
cting
--overwrite overwrite existing files when extractin
g
--overwrite-dir overwrite directory metadata when extra
cting
-U, --unlink-first remove each file prior to extracting ov
er it
--recursive-unlink empty hierarchies prior to extracting d
irectory
-S, --sparse handle sparse files efficiently
-O, --to-stdout extract files to standard output
-G, --incremental handle old GNU-format incremental backu
p
-g, --listed-incremental=FILE
handle new GNU-format incremental backu
p
--ignore-failed-read do not exit with nonzero on unreadable
files
Handling of file attributes:
--owner=NAME force NAME as owner for added files
--group=NAME force NAME as group for added files
--mode=CHANGES force (symbolic) mode CHANGES for add
ed files
--atime-preserve don't change access times on dumped f
iles
-m, --modification-time don't extract file modified time
--same-owner try extracting files with the same ow
nership
--no-same-owner extract files as yourself
--numeric-owner always use numbers for user/group nam
es
-p, --same-permissions extract permissions information
--no-same-permissions do not extract permissions informatio
n
--preserve-permissions same as -p
-s, --same-order sort names to extract to match archiv
e
--preserve-order same as -s
--preserve same as both -p and -s
Device selection and switching:
-f, --file=ARCHIVE use archive file or device ARCHIVE
--force-local archive file is local even if has a
colon
--rsh-command=COMMAND use remote COMMAND instead of rsh
-[0-7][lmh] specify drive and density
-M, --multi-volume create/list/extract multi-volume ar
chive
-L, --tape-length=NUM change tape after writing NUM x 102
4 bytes
-F, --info-script=FILE run script at end of each tape (imp
lies -M)
--new-volume-script=FILE same as -F FILE
--volno-file=FILE use/update the volume number in FIL
E
Device blocking:
-b, --blocking-factor=BLOCKS BLOCKS x 512 bytes per record
--record-size=SIZE SIZE bytes per record, multiple of
512
-i, --ignore-zeros ignore zeroed blocks in archive (me
ans EOF)
-B, --read-full-records reblock as we read (for 4.2BSD pipe
s)
Archive format selection:
-V, --label=NAME create archive with volume name
NAME
PATTERN at list/extract time, a globbin
g PATTERN
-o, --old-archive, --portability write a V7 format archive
--posix write a POSIX format archive
-j, --bzip2 filter the archive through bzip
2
-z, --gzip, --ungzip filter the archive through gzip
-Z, --compress, --uncompress filter the archive through comp
ress
--use-compress-program=PROG filter through PROG (must accep
t -d)
Local file selection:
-C, --directory=DIR change to directory DIR
-T, --files-from=NAME get names to extract or create from f
ile NAME
--null -T reads null-terminated names, disab
le -C
--exclude=PATTERN exclude files, given as a PATTERN
-X, --exclude-from=FILE exclude patterns listed in FILE
--anchored exclude patterns match file name star
t (default)
--no-anchored exclude patterns match after any /
--ignore-case exclusion ignores case
--no-ignore-case exclusion is case sensitive (default)
--wildcards exclude patterns use wildcards (defau
lt)
--no-wildcards exclude patterns are plain strings
--wildcards-match-slash exclude pattern wildcards match '/' (
default)
--no-wildcards-match-slash exclude pattern wildcards do not ma
tch '/'
-P, --absolute-names don't strip leading `/'s from file na
mes
-h, --dereference dump instead the files symlinks point
to
--no-recursion avoid descending automatically in dir
ectories
-l, --one-file-system stay in local file system when creati
ng archive
-K, --starting-file=NAME begin at file NAME in the archive
-N, --newer=DATE only store files newer than DATE
--newer-mtime=DATE compare date and time when data chang
ed only
--after-date=DATE same as -N
--backup[=CONTROL] backup before removal, choose version
control
--suffix=SUFFIX backup before removal, override usual
suffix
Informative output:
--help print this help, then exit
--version print tar program version number, then exit
-v, --verbose verbosely list files processed
--checkpoint print directory names while reading the arch
ive
--totals print total bytes written while creating arc
hive
-R, --block-number show block number within archive with each m
essage
-w, --interactive ask for confirmation for every action
--confirmation same as -w
The backup suffix is `~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_ SUFFIX.
The version control may be set with --backup or VERSION_CONTROL, val ues are:
t, numbered make numbered backups
nil, existing numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwi se
never, simple always make simple backups
GNU tar cannot read nor produce `--posix' archives. If POSIXLY_CORR ECT
is set in the environment, GNU extensions are disallowed with `--pos ix'.
Support for POSIX is only partially implemented, don't count on it y et.
ARCHIVE may be FILE, HOST:FILE or USER@HOST:FILE; DATE may be a text ual date
or a file name starting with `/' or `.', in which case the file's da te is used.
*This* `tar' defaults to `-f- -b20'.
Report bugs to <[email protected]>.
虽然长了点！但是基本上会点英文的都能读懂上面的意思！！没什么难的吧？？  |
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